2-489-231 - © Fine Art Images/Heritage Images

Tsar Alexis and Patriarch Nikon at the coffin of Metropolitan Philip of Moscow, 17th century (1886). Nikon (1605-1681) had Philip (1507-1569) canonised and his relics transferred to the Moscow Kremlin to serve as a reminder to the tsars of the crimes they had committed against the church. It is widely believed that Ivan the Terrible had Philip murdered for his standing up to imperial authority. Found in the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.