2-640-527 - © CM Dixon/Heritage Images

Roman and Medieval City Wall, York, 20th century. Since Roman times, cities were defended by walls of one form or another. York has more miles of intact wall than any other city in England. They are known variously as York City Walls, the Bar Walls and the Roman walls and were built around 71 AD, to protect the Roman fort (castra) on the banks of the River Ouse.