Deputation of Circassian Chiefs to the Sultan, 1856. 'Several hundred chieftains met [at Anapa] to discuss and draw up an address to the Sultan, the Queen of England, and the Emperor of the French, in which they asked that the independence of their country should be recognised, and expressed their resolution to maintain their independence under any circumstances...A curious proof that Circassia Proper was always considered by the rulers of the Ottoman empire as independent consists in the fact that that country has been, even before the Russians ever made any claim to it, one of the chief slave markets for Constantinople; which could not have been the case had it been considered part of the empire, as, according to the laws, it is strictly forbidden to sell a born subject of the Sultan belonging to the Mahometan religion'. From "Illustrated London News", 1856.
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